As the crucial Assembly polls will take place in Mizoram on Tuesday, the mountainous border state will witness a multi-cornered contest between the ruling Mizo National Front (MNF), opposition Zoram People’s Movement (ZPM) and two national parties — Congress and BJP — in all the 40 seats.
Since Mizoram became a full-fledged state in 1986, most elections, including Assembly and Parliamentary, witnessed direct contests between the Congress and MNF — a militant outfit turned political party.
But since the 2018 elections, it was triangular and this time the electoral battle would be multi-cornered.
During the past 37 years, the Congress and the MNF alternatively governed India’s second least-populated state after Sikkim.
With the emergence of the ZPM led by former IPS officer Lalduhoma, who served as a security officer of late Prime Minister Indira Gandhi for three years since 1982, the Mizoram elections turned challenging for both the Congress and the MNF.
The ZPM was founded before the 2018 Assembly elections during which it secured eight seats in the 40-member house.
Mizoram polls are a political test for the non-Congress Northeast Democratic Alliance (NEDA) led by Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma as both the BJP and ruling MNF will bitterly fighting against each other in Tuesday’s Assembly polls.
The relations between the BJP and the MNF sharply deteriorated after the saffron party-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) mooted the Uniform Civil Code as well as the ethinic violence in Manipur which erupted in May.
The MNF accused both the Central and the state governments for their “failure to protect the Kuki-Zo-Chin tribals in Manipur”.
Around 13,000 Kuki-Zo-Chin tribals, including women and children sheltered in Mizoram after being displaced from Manipur, where the ethnic riots broke out on May 3.
Hundreds of non-tribal Meitei community people, who had been living in Mizoram for years, also left the syaye and returned to Manipur.
The ethnic riot between the non-tribal Meitei and tribal Kuki communities in Manipur have become a key issue in the Mizoram polls.
Congress leaders and the political pundits opined that Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Union Home Minister Amit Shah skipped the election campaign in Mizoram to “avoid embarrassment over the Manipur issue”.
Mizoram’s 8, 57,063 voters, including 4,39,026 female electors,will decide the electoral fate of 174 candidates, including 16 women.
The MNF, ZPM and Congress have fielded candidates in all the 40 seats, while the Aam Aadmi Party is contesting four seats and 27 independent candidates are also in the fray.
The BJP has fielded candidates in 23 seats with a special focus on linguistic minority inhabited areas, especially where the Reang and Chakma tribal community people are in reasonable numbers in the voters’ list.
Political observers say that Mizos are Christians and averse to the agendas of BJP, which like other northeastern states is trying to enter through the local parties.
Defying the Central government’s advice, the MNF government has allowed 35,000 Myanmarese, who took refuge in Mizoram after the military coup in Myanmar in February 2021.
Another 1,000 people from the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh have also come to Mizoram.
The Kuki-Zo-Chin tribals of Myanmar, Bangladesh and Manipur have the ethnic ties with the Mizos of Mizoram and most Mizo people whole heartedly supported the MNF government’s gesture leading to an electoral benefit to the ruling party considering the sentimental aspects.
State Presidents of most political parties – Chief Minister Zoramthanga (MNF), Lalsawta (Congress), Lalduhoma (ZPM), and Vanlalhmuaka (BJP) are contesting this election.
Zoramthanga is re-contesting from the Aizawl East-1 seat, Vanlalhmuaka from Dampa, Lalsawta is in fray from Aizawl West-III constituency and Lalduhoma is also seeking re-election from the Serchhip seat.
Of Mizoram’s 11 districts, the highest number of candidates (55) are fighting in 12 seats of Aizawl district while the lowest number of three candidates are in the lone seat of Hnahthial.
BJP President J.P. Nadda, Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Central Ministers Nitin Gadkari, Kiren Rijiju, Smriti Irani, as well as MPs have campaigned for the party candidates.
Congress leaders Rahul Gandhi, Jairam Ramesh, Shashi Tharoor, Bhakta Charan Das also took part in the campaign.
Prime Minister Modi and Congress General Secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra cancelled their scheduled campaign trips to the northeastern state.
Modi and Congress Parliamentary Party Chairperson Sonia Gandhi gave special video messages to the people of Mizoram.
Since the announcement of the election schedule of Mizoram and four other states — Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, and Telangana — on October 9, all political parties, church bodies, NGOs, including Young Mizo Associations and civil society organisations have been demanding to reschedule the counting date.
Dozens of letters and memorandum were sent to the Election Commission of India (ECI) to reschedule the vote counting date of December 3 saying that Sundays are sacred for Christians and worship services are held in all towns and villages.
The ECI, however, is yet to respond to these series of appeals. Election Officials said that several thousand Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) and state police personnel have taken up positions in all the constituencies.
Meanwhile, 5,292 polling personnel have reached their designated 1,276 stations in the 40 Assembly constituencies to conduct the balloting on Tuesday from 7 a.m. in the morning.
(Sujit Chakraborty can be contacted at sujit.c@ians.in)
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