Skydiver leaps into record books

October 14, 2012   ·   0 Comments

Felix Baumgartner made 37-km plunge over New Mexico

Extreme athlete Felix Baumgartner made a death-defying free fall that could make him the first skydiver to break the sound barrier.

He has broken the record for the highest free fall ever, the fastest free fall and the highest manned balloon ride, according to organizers.

It wasn’t immediately certain whether he had broken the speed of sound during his free-fall, which was one of the goals of the mission.

The Austrian man’s feat also marked the 65th anniversary of U.S. test pilot Chuck Yeager successful attempt to become the first man to officially break the sound barrier aboard an airplane

Baumgartner took off from a launch site in Roswell, N.M., on Sunday in a pressurized capsule carried by a 55-storey ultra-thin helium balloon and took nearly three hours to climb into the stratosphere.

The jump from the edge of space was postponed on Monday and Tuesday because of unexpected winds, but the weather was deemed calm enough for his latest attempt.Baumgartner’s descent after the free fall went smoothly.
Mission control was silent for the first minute as Baumgartner spun around on his way down. Before the two-minute mark, he stabilized and the crew on ground broke into cheers and whistles.

Baumgartner, 43, had been training for five years for the jump, during which he was was expected to be in a freefall for some five minutes before opening a parachute at 5,000 feet above ground. However, he opened his chute around the 4:18 mark.

He spoke to mission control throughout his fall and glided safely to the ground — coming up on his knees and pumping his fists up in the air. His family, at mission control, leapt to their feet and clapped in relief.

What is the sound barrier?
The sound barrier is the point at which an object starts to travel faster than the speed of sound. At sea level, this speed is about 1,200 km/h. Once an object reaches this sonic speed, the sound waves it produces aren’t fast enough to keep up with it. The air pressure in front builds, creating a shock wave — and the “cracking” sound known as a sonic boom.
The current record for a high-altitude skydive was set in 1960 by Joe Kittinger, who jumped from a balloon flying at 31,333 metres (102,800 feet). Kittinger, a retired U.S. Air Force colonel, fell for four minutes and 36 seconds and reached a maximum speed of 988 km/h (614 m/h) before opening his parachute.

The Austrian athlete hoped to top that by exceeding 1,110 km/h (690 m/h) — the speed of sound at the targeted altitude — and freefalling for five minutes and 35 seconds, from 123,000 feet (37,490 metres) above sea level.

The jump was more than three times the height of the average cruising altitude for jetliners..

Just short of the halfway point to the stratosphere, the temperature outside the capsule was -62 C.Record holder Joe Kittinger poses with Felix Baumgartner. (RedBullStratos blog)
To keep Baumagartner safe, a special suit was designed, similar to an astronaut’s and meant to withstand extreme conditions. Canadian space suit engineer Shane Jacobs spent the last three years building the pressurized suit.

Jacobs says one of the most dangerous things that skydivers at high altitudes face is going into a flat spin, in which the body rotates horizontally.

“This could create g-forces that can make you unconscious,” he said.

“When he’s jumping from such high altitude, even though he’s a very experienced skydiver and he knows how to position hisbody when he normally skydives from low altitudes, the atmosphere is so thin, that there isn’t enough atmospheric drag to really push against to control your body.”

When Kittinger jumped 52 years ago, he used a smaller drogue parachute, in addition to the main chute, to gain stability.

“For this mission we didn’t want to nominally deploy a drogue chute because we want Felix to be able to hopefully break the speed of sound. The balloon at 60,000 feet (18,300 metres), more than one hour into the ascent
There were safety processes in place to ensure Baumgartner’s safe return to earth.

“We have a system [which he wore on] his wrist that measures g-forces, and if they build up for a great amount of time it automatically deploys the drogue chute, which will stabilize him,” Jacobs said.

Dr. Jonathan Clark, Baumgartner’s medical director, had said the pressurized spacesuit will protect him from the shock waves of breaking the sound barrier.

Jacobs said a nearly invisible wire had been embedded inside Baumgartner’s visor to prevent it from fogging. The suit is airtight, but “breathable to water vapor to reduce his thermal burden and allow him to maintain his comfort whether he is in extreme cold or extreme heat.”

By Web Editor

Tags: control, Felix Baumgartner, first, New Mexico, record, speed